Methods: This literature review was done by searching for "belching" and its MeSH heading term, namely, "eructation" in databases such as Google scholar and Pub Med and their synonyms in Iranian traditional medicine "Josha" in Avicenna"s "Canon of Medicine".

Results: The definition of belching in modern medicine was the same as "Josha" but its classifications and treatments were different. Modern scientists have divided excessive belching into gastric and supragastric based on its source although Avicenna classified it into three kinds based on its smell. In recent studies, specialists have come to a link between the brain and the stomach due to the inadequacy of their therapies while Avicenna has along pointed out the relationship between belching and certain organs. He further recommended three main approaches for its treatment, including lifestyle modification, herbal medicines, and physical manipulations.

Conclusions: In general, considering the lack of effective treatment for excessive belching, it is important to present a better classification and management. This might be possible with regard to Avicenna"s "Canon of Medicine". Thus, clinical trials are suggested to assess the efficacy of Avicenna"s recommendations as a complementary method.