Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 32 male Wistar rats were segregated in 4 groups: Control, Diabetic control, Diabetic treated with G. officinalis extract and healthy group that received G. officinalis extract. An instillation of distilled water was performed in the control and diabetic groups. Also, treatment groups received Galega extract (50 mg/kg body weight) for 8 weeks. After treatment period all of subjects were anesthetized, their blood samples were taken, the serum level of insulin and glucose were measured then the testicles and epididymis were removed and sperm parameters and oxidative stress markers were assessed.

Results: Treatment of diabetic rats with G. officinalis extract significantly increased the Johnson score and diameter of seminiferous tubule as well as reduced the glucose plasma levels (P = 0.001) and increased the insulin levels (P = 0.001). Furthermore, during diabetes an upsurge in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and a decrease in the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes activity were observed in the testes. Administration of G. officinalis extract (50 mg/kg BW) significantly rectified these parameters (P < 0.05). Moreover, the sperm parameters decreased in the diabetic group, while the use of G. officinalis significantly improved the mentioned disorders in the treatment groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: The results of this study confirm the antioxidant role of hydroalcoholic extract of G. officinalis in the improvement of the testicular oxidative damage caused by diabetes.